BAPTISM NOT ESSENTIAL TO SALVATION
Baptists do not believe that baptism is essential to salvation, for baptism is mentioned in the New Testament as distinct from the gospel of salvation.
Those who hold that baptism is essential to salvation, quote John 3:5: “Except a man be born of water, and the Spirit, he cannot enter into the kingdom of God,” and they add, “What then is to become of those who are too sick to be immersed? Are they to be shut out of the kingdom of heaven?
If the words—“born of water”—mean baptism, which is disputed, the fact that the want of baptism will not keep any one out of heaven, if circumstances forbid its being administered, is clearly shown in Christ’s words to the dying thief: “Verily I say unto thee, to-day shalt thou be with me in Paradise.” (Luke 23:43.) The thief was not baptized, and was saved; and for all we know, Simon who was baptized, was lost.
“Then Simon.… was baptized.… But Peter said unto him, Thy money perish with thee.… Thou has neither part nor lot in this matter; for thy heart is not right in the sight of God.” (Acts 8:13–20.) So was Judas Iscariot.
In 1 Peter 3:21, we read—“The like figure where-unto baptism doth also now save us.” That baptism doth “NOW save us,” is certainly strong language, and it is a correct translation. But how save us? Look at the preceding verse, and you will see that Peter has reference to the analogy between salvation by the ark, and salvation by baptism. Both were dependent on faith; one on faith in the ark, the other on faith in Christ.
Then Ananias said unto Saul: “Why tarriest thou? Arise, and be baptized, and wash away thy sins, calling on the name of the Lord.” (Acts 22:16.)
That baptism is a saving ordinance, in that it washes away sin, is here implied. But how does it wash away sin? Not by actually washing away sin from the soul; but by expressing faith in the death, burial, and resurrection of Christ, which leads to our justification.
Clarence Larkin, Why I Am a Baptist