Johann
Well-known member
No problem if you disagree @Jim but I "believe" it goes deeper than mere mental assent plus trust.I don't quite agree with that. The English word "faith" always means mental assent plus trust. In the Greek, there is "pistis" the noun. and there is "pisteuo" the verb. The verb can be used as believe something. Strictly speaking, "pisteuo en" or "pisteuo epi" means to believe in something. Sometimes when it is obvious, the "en" and/or the "epi" may only be assumed. To believe in something is to have faith in something.
1. Faith in Biblical Greek: More than Mental Assent and Trust
Your assertion that Greek has pistis (πίστις, noun) and pisteuō (πιστεύω, verb) and that pisteuō en (πιστεύω ἐν) or pisteuō epi (πιστεύω ἐπί) strictly means "to believe in something" is an oversimplification. Greek usage shows a broader and deeper semantic range than just belief or trust:
Pistis (πίστις) means faithfulness, reliability, conviction, and commitment-not just belief or trust.
Matthew 23:23 – "You have neglected the weightier matters of the law: justice, mercy, and faithfulness (πίστιν)." Here, pistis clearly means faithfulness rather than just belief.
Romans 3:3 – "What if some were unfaithful? Does their lack of faithfulness (apistia, ἀπιστία) nullify the faithfulness (pistis) of God?"
Again, the context emphasizes steadfastness and reliability rather than mere belief.
Pisteuō (πιστεύω) means to entrust oneself to something, often implying obedience and action, not just belief.
John 2:23-24 – "Many believed (episteusan, ἐπίστευσαν) in His name, but Jesus did not entrust (episteuen, ἐπίστευεν) Himself to them, because He knew all men."
This indicates that belief alone does not equate to full commitment.
Acts 16:31 – "Believe (pisteuson, πίστευσον) on the Lord Jesus Christ, and you will be saved." Here, pisteuō is an imperative, not a passive intellectual exercise; it demands an active, trusting commitment to Christ.
Thus, pistis and pisteuō in biblical Greek carry a broader sense of faithfulness, commitment, and trust than the English word “faith,” which is often reduced to mental assent.
2. The English Word "Faith" Lacks the Full Meaning of Biblical Faith
Your statement claims that faith in English "always means mental assent plus trust." This is demonstrably false because-
In common English usage, "faith" can mean mere belief (e.g., "I have faith that it will rain tomorrow"), but in biblical contexts, faith includes obedience and loyalty (cf. James 2:17-26).
Hebrew and Greek faith is active, not just intellectual.
Hebrews 11:8 – "By faith (pistei, πίστει) Abraham obeyed (hupēkousen, ὑπήκουσεν)." Faith is directly linked to obedience, not mere belief.
James 2:19 – "Even the demons believe (pisteuousin, πιστεύουσιν)—and shudder!" This shows that belief alone is not sufficient for biblical faith.
Since biblical faith inherently includes action, commitment, and obedience, the English definition of faith as "mental assent plus trust" is too narrow.
3. The Oversimplification of "Pisteuō En" and "Pisteuō Epi"
Your claim that "pisteuō en" (πιστεύω ἐν) and "pisteuō epi" (πιστεύω ἐπί) strictly mean "to believe in something" is an overstatement. These prepositional constructions often carry nuances of reliance, obedience, or entrusting oneself to someone, rather than just belief-
John 3:18 – "Whoever believes (pisteuōn en, πιστεύων εἰς) Him is not condemned." The preposition en (ἐν) emphasizes trusting in and committing to Christ, not just acknowledging His existence.
Pisteuō epi (πιστεύω ἐπί)
Romans 4:5 – "But to the one who does not work but believes (pisteuonti epi, πιστεύοντι ἐπὶ) in Him who justifies the ungodly, his faith (pistis) is counted as righteousness." This suggests not just belief but trusting reliance upon God.
Moreover, in the New Testament, belief often appears with "eis" (εἰς, into), which strengthens the idea of movement toward, entrusting oneself fully, and obedience:
John 3:16 – "Whoever believes in Him (eis auton, εἰς αὐτὸν) shall not perish."
Acts 19:4 – "They should believe in the one coming after him, that is, in Jesus (eis ton erchomenon met’ auton, εἰς τὸν ἐρχόμενον μετ’ αὐτὸν)."
The usage of "pisteuō en," "pisteuō epi," and "pisteuō eis" does not merely denote mental assent but entrusting oneself fully to Christ, implying obedience (cf. Romans 1:5, "obedience of faith").
4. A More Accurate Definition of Biblical Faith
A proper exegetical definition of faith must account for the full biblical scope of pistis and pisteuō:
Faith is not just belief, but relational trust, faithfulness, and obedience.
Romans 1:5 – "We received grace and apostleship for the obedience of faith (hupakoē pisteōs, ὑπακοὴ πίστεως) among all the nations."
James 2:17 – "Faith (pistis), if it has no works, is dead."
Faith is not a passive state of mind but an active reliance upon Christ.
Galatians 2:16 – "A man is not justified by the works of the law, but through faith (pisteōs) in Jesus Christ."
Hebrews 11:6 – "Without faith (pistis), it is impossible to please God."
Thus, faith is not merely mental assent plus trust, but a dynamic commitment to God that manifests in obedience and perseverance.
So, to sum this up brother-
Your statement's definition of faith as "mental assent plus trust" fails to capture the full biblical meaning of pistis (πίστις) and pisteuō (πιστεύω), which include faithfulness, commitment, obedience, and reliance on God.
The oversimplification of pisteuō en and pisteuō epi ignores their deeper theological significance, which often conveys entrusting oneself to Christ in an active, obedient relationship. Therefore, the biblical concept of faith is not just about believing something to be true but living in trust and obedience to God (Romans 1:5, Hebrews 11:8).
Now faith is (estin de pistis). He has just said that “we are of faith” (Heb_10:39), not of apostasy. Now he proceeds in a chapter of great eloquence and passion to illustrate his point by a recital of the heroes of faith whose example should spur them to like loyalty now.
The assurance of things hoped for (elpizomenōn hupostasis). Hupostasis is a very common word from Aristotle on and comes from huphistēmi (hupo, under, histēmi, intransitive), what stands under anything (a building, a contract, a promise). See the philosophical use of it in Heb_1:3, the sense of assurance (une assurance certaine, Menegoz) in Heb_3:14, that steadiness of mind which holds one firm (2Co_9:4). It is common in the papyri in business documents as the basis or guarantee of transactions. “And as this is the essential meaning in Heb_11:1 we venture to suggest the translation ‘Faith is the title-deed of things hoped for’” (Moulton and Milligan, Vocabulary, etc.).
The proving of things not seen (pragmatōn elegchos ou blepomenōn). The only N.T. example of elegchos (except Textus Receptus in 2Ti_3:16 for elegmon). Old and common word from elegchō (Mat_18:15) for “proof” and then for “conviction.” Both uses occur in the papyri and either makes sense here, perhaps “conviction” suiting better though not in the older Greek.
RWP
Shalom.
J.