I would ask you to go back and read again what I wrote. I pointed out the differences in usage of believe and believe in.
And no, I do not think that John 3:12 is speaking about more than mental assent. It is a simple question of what they mentally, intellectually, acknowledge or not concerning what Jesus is telling them. It makes use of only πιστεύω, not πιστεύω εἰς. On the other hand, John 9:35-36 and John 11:25-26 both make use of the phrase πιστεύω εἰς, i.e., believe in.
I did Jim.
John 3:12 - Intellectual Acknowledgment (Simple Question of Mental Assent)
While it is true that in John 3:12, the use of πιστεύω (present active indicative, 2nd person plural) seems to be about mental assent or acknowledging the truth that Jesus is revealing, we should note that
even intellectual assent in the context of the Gospel is a precursor to a deeper, transformative faith.
In this passage, Jesus is speaking to Nicodemus and the other Jews about
earthly things (which they are not accepting or believing) and then contrasts that with the heavenly things He will reveal.
The question posed is more about their unbelief, and it implies that mental assent alone is insufficient to understand the deeper truths Jesus is teaching. The present tense of πιστεύετε indicates that their unbelief is a continuous state.
However, πιστεύω in this context does not fully imply action or trust in the same way it does in other passages. It could indeed be seen as a mental acknowledgment of the facts, but even in that acknowledgment,
there is an implicit challenge to move beyond just intellectual assent to a more active trust in the truth.
2. John 9:35-36 and John 11:25-26 - πιστεύω εἰς (Believe in)
It is accurate that John 9:35-36 and John 11:25-26 use the construction πιστεύω εἰς (believe in), which carries a deeper, relational sense of trust or commitment, not merely intellectual assent.
John 9:35-36: Jesus asks the healed man if he believes in the Son of Man. The phrase πιστεύεις εἰς (you believe in) carries the implication of placing trust or relying on Jesus, which is more than just acknowledging a fact. The use of εἰς signifies a commitment to the person of Jesus, not just a mental agreement with His identity.
John 11:25-26: Similarly, in Jesus' statement, "Whoever believes in me" (πιστεύων εἰς ἐμέ), πιστεύειν εἰς implies ongoing, living trust in Jesus as the Resurrection and the Life. This is not just about mental acknowledgment but about an active faith that involves both assent and trust in Jesus' person and work.
Your assertion that John 3:12 speaks only to intellectual acknowledgment (mental assent) is not entirely wrong, but it should be understood within the larger context of how
belief is framed in the New Testament.
Even though John 3:12 does not use πιστεύω εἰς, it still challenges the listeners to move beyond a surface-level intellectual assent to a deeper belief and trust in Jesus and His message.
John 9:35-36 and John 11:25-26 are indeed clearer in their emphasis on trusting in Jesus, as evidenced by the use of πιστεύω εἰς.
So, it’s correct to say that these passages involve more than intellectual acknowledgment; they involve trusting faith.
While John 3:12 may primarily deal with intellectual acknowledgment (with a challenge to move beyond it), it is part of the broader New Testament understanding of faith that also includes trust and commitment—elements that are more fully developed in passages like John 9:35-36 and John 11:25-26, which employ πιστεύω εἰς to express that deeper relationship of faith in Christ.
THE FAITH -- Special Topic by Dr. Bob Utley, professor of hermeneutics (retired).
www.freebiblecommentary.org
Believe, Trust, Faith and Faithfulness -- Special Topic by Dr. Bob Utley, professor of hermeneutics (retired).
www.freebiblecommentary.org
Believe -- Special Topic by Dr. Bob Utley, professor of hermeneutics (retired).
www.freebiblecommentary.org
JOHN'S USE OF THE VERB "BELIEVE"
John primarily combines "believe" with PREPOSITIONS
eis means "into." This unique construction emphasizes believers putting their trust/faith in Jesus.
into His name (John 1:12; 2:23; 3:18; 1 John 5:13)
into Him (John 2:11; 3:15,18; 4:39; 6:40; 7:5,31,39,48; 8:30; 9:36; 10:42; 11:45,48; 12:37,42)
into Me (John 6:35; 7:38; 11:25,26; 12:44,46; 14:1,12; 16:9; 17:20)
into the One He has sent (John 6:28-29)
into the Son (John 3:36; 9:35; 1 John 5:10)
into Jesus (John 12:11)
into Light (John 12:36)
into God (John 12:44; 14:1)
ev means "in" as in Mark 1:15; John 3:15
the DATIVE CASE with no PREPOSITION (John 4:50; 1 John 3:23; 5:10)
hoti, which means "believe that," gives content as to what to believe. Some examples are
Jesus is the Holy One of God (John 6:69)
Jesus is the I Am (John 8:24,28; 13:19; 18:8)
Jesus in the Father and the Father in Him (John 10:38)
Jesus is the Christ (John 11:27; 20:31)
Jesus is the Son of God (John 11:27; 20:31)
Jesus was sent by the Father (John 11:42; 17:8,21)
Jesus is one with the Father (John 14:10-11)
Jesus came from the Father (John 16:27,30)
Jesus identified Himself in the covenant name of the Father, "I Am" (John 8:24; 13:19)
Biblical faith is in both a person and a message! It is evidenced by obedience (see SPECIAL TOPIC: KEEP), love (see SPECIAL TOPIC: LOVE), and perseverance (see SPECIAL TOPIC: PERSEVERANCE.
SPECIAL TOPIC: BELIEVE, TRUST, FAITH AND FAITHFULNESS
SPECIAL TOPIC: THE GOSPEL
Believe (John's Use) -- Special Topic by Dr. Bob Utley, professor of hermeneutics (retired).
www.freebiblecommentary.org
Greek Word Form Translation Case/Usage Example(s)
πίστις (pistis) Noun (fem.) Faith Nominative (subject), Accusative (object) Ephesians 2:8 (
"For by grace you have been saved through faith")
πίστιν (pistin) Noun (fem.) Faith (accusative) Accusative (direct object) Galatians 3:22 (
"But the Scripture imprisoned everything under sin, so that the promise by faith in Jesus Christ might be given to those who believe.")
πίστεως (pisteōs) Noun (fem.) Faith (genitive) Genitive (of origin/possession) Romans 3:22 (
"This righteousness is given through faith in Jesus Christ to all who believe.")
πίστει (pistei) Noun (fem.) Faith (dative) Dative (indirect object) Romans 1:17 (
"For in the gospel the righteousness of God is revealed—a righteousness that is by faith from first to last.")
πιστεύω (pisteuō) Verb (to believe) To believe, have faith Present active indicative, 1st or 2nd person John 3:16 (
"For God so loved the world, that He gave His only Son, that whoever believes in Him should not perish but have eternal life.")
πιστεύσῃς (pisteusēs) Verb (to believe) To believe, have faith Aorist subjunctive, 2nd person singular Acts 16:31
("Believe in the Lord Jesus, and you will be saved, you and your household.")
πιστεύοντας (pisteuontas) Verb (to believe) Believing Present participle, accusative plural Galatians 3:22
("But the Scripture imprisoned everything under sin, so that the promise by faith in Jesus Christ might be given to those who believe.")
πιστεύειν (pisteuein) Verb (to believe) To believe (infinitive) Infinitive verb form John 6:29
("Jesus answered them, 'This is the work of God, that you believe in Him whom He has sent.'")
Key Notes--
πίστις is the most common noun form for "faith" and can appear in various cases (nominative, accusative, genitive, dative) depending on its role in the sentence.
πιστεύω is the verb form, meaning "to believe" or "to have faith." It can be used in the present or aorist tense, and often with prepositions like
εἰς (into) or ἐν (in), as seen in expressions like πιστεύειν εἰς (believing in).
πίστει (dative) often indicates the means or instrument by which faith is exercised, as in Romans 1:17, where faith is the means of receiving righteousness from God.
This is a very interesting topic, and it immediately brings to mind the parable of the four soils.
J.