The doctrine of irresistible grace says that the Holy Spirit never fails to bring His own to faith.
God must work within the sinner to make him willing to come to Christ. John 6:44 says that unless the Father “draws” him, a sinner will not believe the gospel. The original word for draw implies an effective power. We may kick against the gospel before we are made willing to receive it, but not after our wills are so changed.
I've been reading an article by
R.C. Sproul That's very informative entitled, "Irresistible Grace". In it he says he that’s he prefers the term
effectual grace rather than
irresistible grace, because this grace effects what God intends to effect by it. The idea of irresistible grace provokes a lot of controversy, and there is a lot of misunderstanding about it.
I agree with RC's conclusion. The word
irresistible conjures up the idea that one cannot possibly offer any resistance to the grace of God. But, beloved, the history of the human race is the history of relentless resistance to the sweetness of the grace of God. What is meant by
irresistible grace is not what the word seems to suggest, that grace is incapable of being resisted. Indeed, we are capable of resisting God’s grace, and we do resist God’s grace. But the idea here is that, in spite of our natural resistance to the grace of God, God’s grace is so powerful that it has the capacity to overcome our natural resistance to it. The term
effectual grace rather than
irresistible grace is better because this grace effects what God intends to effect by it.
Once you get a good handle on effectual grace it's time to move on to the heart of the matter. That would be that regeneration proceeds Faith.
Now, when theologians use this language of
precede, what is in view with respect to the order of salvation is what we call
logical priority. For example, we believe that justification is by faith alone. We don’t say that faith is by justification, but rather that justification is by faith. We believe that, in the very instant a person has faith, God declares them just in Christ.
There is no time gap between the presence of faith and the presence of justification—in time they’re simultaneous. But when we say that justification is by faith, and not faith by justification, what do we mean? We mean that the reality of justification depends upon a prior condition, the presence of something else, for it to be real. In this case, justification depends upon faith, not faith upon justification.
So, when we talk about regeneration preceding faith, this means that before a person exercises saving faith, before they believe in Christ, before that individual exercises his or her will to embrace Christ, God must do something for them and in them so that faith can be exercised.