Are we not told “Believe in the Lord Jesus, and you will be saved” (Acts 16:31).
John 14: 6 Jesus said to him, "I am the way, and the truth, and the life. No one comes to the Father except through me..
We are not the tree that God called His chosen. The Jews, primarily the Messianic are that tree.
We are merely grafted in and as such I personally believe that as Jesus originally said "But He answered and said, “I was sent only to the lost sheep of the house of Israel.”... before we were grafted into the tree... that they would naturally not be 100% in line with what we are and it does not matter because so long as our FAITH is solely in Him... That is what counts.
I personally have had questions on Paul myself... but then Paul is not our savior.
While on earth Jesus followed every single Jewish custom and celebration. He taught in the synagogues as did they who he sent out at times.
When he was talking to Nicodemus about how to be saved.... He never once told Nick to drop their ways... he emphasized being born again.
For me, what you wrote is not a problem
Well Paul's claim is that his writings were divinely inspired..God's Words.
He referred to the scriptures as the Old Testament and then put his writings on the same level.
As for equality with the Father..in Revelation, it is Jesus speaking to churches, the Spirit speaking to the churches and Jesus is given terms used for the Father. The Alpha and Omega.
When He said the Father is 'greater than I' .. He not long after ascended to be one with the Father. So the 'greater' is the position the Father was in compared to Jesus, but not referring to superiority.