The Doctrine of Election
1. Statement of the doctrine.
By election we mean the eternal choice by God of certain definite individuals in Jesus Christ unto salvation.
There are many references in the Scriptures to this election or choice by God. It is the Lord Jesus Who declares in
Matthew 22:14, "Many are called, but few are
chosen (elect)." In
Romans 11:5 the apostle Paul writes, "Even so then at this present time also there is a remnant according to the
election of grace." The same apostle writes in
Ephesians 1:4, "According as he hath
chosen (elected) us in him before the foundations of the world...." In
Colossians 3:12 he exhorts believers, "Put on therefore, as the
elect of God, holy and beloved, bowels of mercies, kindness, humbleness of mind, meekness, longsuffering." In
Titus 1:1 reference is made to "... the faith of God's
elect." The apostle Peter writes in
I Peter 2:9, "But ye are a
chosen (elect) generation, a royal priesthood, an holy nation...." And in
II Peter 1:10 he exhorts Christians, "Wherefore the rather, brethren, give diligence to make your calling and
election sure."
Election is only one aspect of the broader doctrine of predestination. Predestination is God's eternal (pre-) decision with respect to the everlasting destiny (destination) of all His rational, moral creatures, men, angels, and devils. There are many who become uneasy when the word
predestination is mentioned. But predestination is not some hideous monster invented by theologians gone over the deep end. The Bible teaches predestination.
The Greek word from which our English word
predestination is derived occurs six times in the New Testament. We find it used twice by the apostle Paul in
Romans 8:29, 30: "For whom he did foreknow, he also did
predestinate to be conformed to the image of his son, that he might be the firstborn among many brethren. Moreover whom he did
predestinate, them he also called: and whom he called, them he also justified: and whom he justified, them he also glorified." In
Ephesians 1:5 the apostle Paul declares, "Having
predestinated us unto the adoption of children by Jesus Christ to Himself, according to the good pleasure of his will." Again we read in
Ephesians 1:11, "In whom also we have obtained an inheritance, being
predestinated according to the purpose of him who worketh all things after the counsel of his own will."
The word
predestinate is also found in
Acts 4:28, where it is translated as "determined before." There the apostle Peter teaches that Christ's crucifixion and the role in Christ's crucifixion played by wicked Herod and Pontius Pilate were predestined by God. In that context, he declares in verse 28 that these wicked rulers were gathered together "to do whatsoever thy hand and thy counsel
determined before (predestined) to be done."
In
I Corinthians 2:7 the word
predestinate is translated "ordained": "But we speak the wisdom of God in a mystery, even the hidden wisdom which God
ordained (predestined) before the world unto our glory." Here Paul teaches that the whole plan of salvation was predestined by God.
2. Characteristics.
The outstanding characteristics of election include the following:
a. Decretive.
Election is a decree, a decision or choice of God. God elects, and God elects whom He wills to elect. Election is part of the counsel and will of God. In
Romans 8:29, 30 we read, "Whom
he (God) did predestinate." In
Ephesians 1:4 we read, "According as
he (God) hath chosen...."
Ephesians 1:11 states, "In whom we have obtained an inheritance, being predestinated
according to the purpose of him (God) who worketh all things after the counsel of his (God's) own will."
b. Personal.
Election is God's choice of certain
definite individuals. Election is not some vague and indefinite decree of God that merely determines that there shall be salvation. Nor is it a decision on the part of God to save a mass of human beings. But election is God's determination to save particular persons.
Ephesians 1:4 teaches this: "According as he hath chosen us...." In
John 15:16 Jesus says, "Ye have not chosen me, but I have chosen
you, and ordained
you...." In
Romans 9:11-13 the apostle Paul teaches that Jacob, a definite individual, was elected by God, while Esau, a definite individual, was not elected by God.
c. Eternal.
Election is the
eternal choice of God of certain persons. Election does not take place in time and history, as God's response to the actions of men, but election is eternal election. Paul writes in
Ephesians 1:4, "According as he hath chosen us in him
before the foundation of the world...." In
Revelation 17:8 the apostle John speaks of those "... whose names were written in the book of life
from the foundation of the world."
d. Unto salvation.
The purpose of election is the salvation of those persons whom God has eternally chosen. They are not chosen merely to some earthly, temporal privileges, but they are chosen unto salvation itself. In
Romans 8:29, 30 those who are predestinated are justified (have their sins forgiven and Christ's righteousness imputed to them) and glorified (go to heaven). In
Ephesians 1:5 Paul teaches that we are predestinated "... unto the adoption of children by Jesus Christ unto himself." In
Revelation 17:8 the elect are said to have their names written in the Book of Life - everlasting life - life with God in the perfection of the new heavens and earth.
e. Gracious.
That a person is elected by God is not due to anything in that person but is due to the free, unmerited grace of God. The cause of election is not at all to be found in those who are elected, but the cause of election lies only in the will of the electing God. Those who are elected are not different or better in themselves than those who are not elected. All men, as was made plain in the previous chapter, are by nature dead in trespasses and sins. That some men, in distinction from others, should be chosen by God to salvation is to be attributed solely to the grace of God. Paul writes in
Ephesians 2:8, "For
by grace are ye saved through faith; and that not of yourselves: it is the gift of God." In
Romans 11:5 he speaks of "... a remnant according to the election
of grace." https://www.prca.org/books/SavedByGrace.html