Indeed, the idea of a separation of the Father and the son is problematic for the doctrine of the Trinity and scripture.God was in Christ reconciling the world unto Himself. That took place on the cross. This passage proclaims Perichoresis- the eternal mutual indwelling of the Trinity.
So much for PSA it’s an ungodly doctrine.
Perichoresis is the fellowship of three co-equal Persons perfectly embraced in love and harmony and expressing an intimacy that no one can humanly comprehend. The Father sends the Son (John 3:16), and the Spirit proceeds from the Father and was sent by the Son (John 15:26)—another example of perichoresis, with the result that God’s people are blessed.
There is nothing that separates the Persons of the Trinity or interrupts the mysterious interchange of perichoresis. It can be imagined as a Venn diagram showing three circles intersecting in the center with each circle intersecting the others perfectly and multi-dimensionally, as they rotate about a common center of divine love.
hope this helps !!!
2 Corinthians 5:19 (LEB) — 19 namely, that God was in Christ reconciling the world to himself, not counting their trespasses against them, and entrusting to us the message of reconciliation.
John 14:10–11 (LEB) — 10 Do you not believe that I am in the Father and the Father is in me? The words that I say to you I do not speak from myself, but the Father residing in me does his works. 11 Believe me that I am in the Father and the Father is in me; but if not, believe because of the works themselves.
Perichoresis
The Orthodox Formulation
The orthodox doctrine of the Trinity was enunciated in a series of debates and councils that were in large part prompted by the controversies sparked by such movements as monarchianism and Arianism. The Council of Constantinople (381) formulated a definitive statement in which the church made explicit the beliefs previously held implicitly. The view that prevailed was basically that of Athanasius (293–373), as elaborated and refined by the Cappadocian theologians—Basil, Gregory of Nazianzus, and Gregory of Nyssa.
The formula that expresses the position of Constantinople is “one οὐσία (ousia - essence) in three ὑποστάσεις ((hupostaseis).” The emphasis often seems to be more on the latter part of the formula, that is, the separate existence of the three persons rather than on the one indivisible Godhead. The one Godhead exists simultaneously in three modes of being or hypostases. The idea of “coinherence” or, as later termed, perichoresis, of the persons is emphasized. The Godhead exists “undivided in divided persons.” There is an “identity of nature” in the three hypostases. Basil says:
For all things that are the Father’s are beheld in the Son, and all things that are the Son’s are the Father’s; because the whole Son is in the Father and has all the Father in himself. Thus the hypostasis of the Son becomes as it were form and face of the knowledge of the Father, and the hypostasis of the Father is known in the form of the Son, while the proper quality which is contemplated therein remains for the plain distinction of the hypostases.1
1 Millard J. Erickson, Christian Theology. (2nd ed.; Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Book House, 1998), 361.
The article discusses the orthodox doctrine of the Trinity, particularly as articulated during the Council of Constantinople in 381. It emphasizes the formulation of "one οὐσία (ousia) in three ὑποστάσεις (hupostaseis)," highlighting the coexistence of three distinct persons within one divine essence. The views of Athanasius and the Cappadocian theologians—Basil, Gregory of Nazianzus, and Gregory of Nyssa—are central to this understanding. They argue for the unity of the Godhead while maintaining the individuality of the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, each possessing unique properties. The article addresses concerns about potential tritheism, asserting that the divine activity of revelation is a unified action involving all three persons. It also emphasizes that the divine essence is simple and indivisible, challenging the application of numerical categories to the Godhead. Overall, the orthodox formulation seeks to balance the distinctiveness of the persons with the unity of the divine substance.
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