Why we naturally HATE penal substitution

The cross was not a courtroom of God it was His Mercy Seat. The courtroom was mans doing that condemned Him, not God.

If the Cross was not a place of "Divine Punishment" where the Trinity was divided, we must ask: What actually happened to our sin? To understand this, we must move our hearts and minds away from the modern "Courtroom" and back into the biblical "Sanctuary."

The Apostles did not use the language of a criminal execution; they used the language of Purification (Katharismos)and the Mercy Seat (Hilastērion). In the Old Covenant, the blood was never intended to "calm an angry God"; it was intended to cleanse a defiled people so that a Holy God could dwell among them. In this section, we will see how Jesus, our Great High Priest, did not die to satisfy a need for violence, but to provide the ultimate Expiation—the washing away of sin that allows us to stand in the presence of the Father, holy and blameless.

Purification for sin- καθαρισμός- katharismos: a cleansing, purifying, purification, expiation. Strongs 2512.

Thayers: a cleansing from the guilt of sins (see καθαρίζω, 1 b. β.): wrought now by baptism, 2 Peter 1:9, now by the expiatory sacrifice of Christ, Hebrews 1:3 on which cf. Kurtz, Commentary, p. 70; (Exodus 30:10; τῆς ἁμαρτίας μου, Job 7:21; of an atonement, Lucian, asin. 22)

Hebrews 1:3-And He is the radiance of His glory and the exact representation of His nature, and upholds all things by the word of His power. When He had made purification of sins, He sat down at the right hand of the Majesty on high;

Purification for sin is in the blood of Christ in the Atonement

Matthew 26:26-29

While they were eating, Jesus took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it and gave it to his disciples, saying, “Take and eat; this is my body.”27 Then he took a cup, and when he had given thanks, he gave it to them, saying, “Drink from it, all of you. 28 This is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins. 29 I tell you, I will not drink from this fruit of the vine from now on until that day when I drink it new with you in my Father’s kingdom.”

Hebrews 9:22
Because all things are purged by blood in The Written Law, and without the shedding of blood there is no forgiveness.

Leviticus 4:20,26,35
And he shall do with the bullock as he did with the bullock for a sin offering, so shall he do with this: and the priest shall make an atonement for them, and it shall be forgiven them

Leviticus 6:7
And the priest shall make an atonement for him before the LORD: and it shall be forgiven him for any thing of all that he hath done in trespassing therein.

Leviticus 17:11
For the life of the flesh is in the blood, and I have given it to you to make atonement for your souls upon the altar; for it is the blood that makes atonement for the soul.

Hebrews 9
Now the first covenant had regulations for worship and also an earthly sanctuary. 2 A tabernacle was set up. In its first room were the lampstand and the table with its consecrated bread; this was called the Holy Place. 3 Behind the second curtain was a room called the Most Holy Place, 4 which had the golden altar of incense and the gold-covered ark of the covenant. This ark contained the gold jar of manna, Aaron’s staff that had budded, and the stone tablets of the covenant. 5 Above the ark were the cherubim of the Glory, overshadowing the atonement cover. But we cannot discuss these things in detail now. 6 When everything had been arranged like this, the priests entered regularly into the outer room to carry on their ministry. 7 But only the high priest entered the inner room, and that only once a year, and never without blood, which he offered for himself and for the sins the people had committed in ignorance. 8 The Holy Spirit was showing by this that the way into the Most Holy Place had not yet been disclosed as long as the first tabernacle was still functioning. 9 This is an illustration for the present time, indicating that the gifts and sacrifices being offered were not able to clear the conscience of the worshiper. 10 They are only a matter of food and drink and various ceremonial washings—external regulations applying until the time of the new order.

The forgiveness of sins is found only in the blood of Christ- His life which He gave as a sacrifice for sin. That is the heart of the Atonement. It is what the New Covenant is found upon His blood, His life which was given for our sins. Forgiveness is only found in His blood that He gave His life on our behalf. That is how are sins are removed and taken away. That is what the Law required for sin was the blood of the animal sacrifice.

There is no "punishment" above anywhere. There is a sacrifice provided which covers and provides forgiveness of sins. The entire book of Hebrews is built upon the OT Law and how it is fulfilled in Christ.

Jesus said He gave His life as a Ransom . Strongs 3038- Lutron λύτρον. the purchasing money for manumitting slaves, a ransom, the price of ransoming; especially the sacrifice by which expiation is effected, an offering of expiation. Thayers: λύτρον, λύτρου, τό (λύω), the Sept. passim for כֹּפֶר, גְּאֻלָּה, פִּדְיון, etc.; the price for redeeming, ransom (paid for slaves, Leviticus 19:20; for captives, Isaiah 45:13; for the ransom of a life, Exodus 21:30; Numbers 35:31f): ἀντί πολλῶν, to liberate many from the misery and penalty of their sins, Matthew 20:28; Mark 10:45. (Pindar, Aeschylus, Xenophon, Plato, others.)

Matthew 20:28- just as the Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve, and to give His life as a ransom for many

hilastērion – the atonement is received by Faith.

Romans 3:25

God presented Christ as a sacrifice of atonement, through the shedding of his blood—to be received by faith. He did this to demonstrate his righteousness, because in his forbearance he had left the sins committed beforehand unpunished. NIV

Romans 3:25
whom God put forward as a propitiation by his blood, to be received by faith. This was to show God’s righteousness, because in his divine forbearance he had passed over former sins. ESV

The Mercy Seat (Hilastērion): In the Old Testament Tabernacle, the High Priest never entered the Holy of Holies to be struck by God; he entered to sprinkle blood upon the Mercy Seat. This was the specific place where God met with man in grace. Therefore, when Paul uses this word in Romans 3:25, he is identifying the Cross as the new "Meeting Place." The Atonement is not a record of God striking the Priest, but of the Priest providing the Purification necessary for God and man to be reconciled. If the Mercy Seat was the place where the glory of God dwelt between the Cherubim, then the Cross is where the glory of God’s love is most clearly seen—not in the venting of wrath, but in the provision of presence.

Some may argue that Romans 3:25 and other texts require the Father to pour wrath on the Son. However, careful exegesis and attention to the relational language of the Trinity suggest these passages describe reconciliation and covenant faithfulness rather than punitive wrath directed at Christ. the "Atonement Cover" (Hilastērion) is the Mercy Seat. In the OT, that was the place where God met with man in mercy, not the place where He struck the High Priest. This reinforces the fact that the Atonement is about reconciliation and meeting, not "punitive wrath

The Necessity of Faith: While the Atonement is a finished work of Christ, it is not a "mechanical" or "automatic" transaction. Just as the Israelite had to look at the Bronze Serpent to be healed, the sinner must look to Christ in Faith. The Atonement provides the remedy for the whole world, but that remedy only produces pardon, remission, and lifewhen it is personally received.

hope this helps !!
Lets not forget that they brought false charges against Jesus Christ. Matthew 26:59


The chief priests and the Sanhedrin sought false testimony to convict Jesus ultimately accusing him of blasphemy for stating he could destroy the temple and rebuild it in three days. Witnesses misquoted Jesus’ statement about his body, and leaders later claimed he opposed paying taxes to Caesar, seeking the death penalty.
  • Fabricated Temple Witness: Two witnesses claimed, "This fellow said, 'I am able to destroy the temple of God and to build it in three days'".
  • Blasphemy Accusation: When Jesus identified himself as the Son of God, the high priest tore his clothes, declaring it blasphemy worthy of death.
  • Political Charges: Before Pilate, they falsely claimed Jesus was subverting the nation and opposing taxes.
  • Broken Judicial Process: Many false witnesses came forward, but their testimonies did not agree, violating Jewish law which required consistent witnesses to uphold a capital charge. BibleHub
 
You think you did. Peter agrees with Isaiah
Wrong as seen below every single N.T. quotation of Isaiah 53. Number 8 is Peters with no mention of your claim. That shows Peter did not understand it as you do.


1-Matthew 8:17 Carried our diseases (Isaiah 53:4)

2-Mark 15:28 Numbered with transgressors (Isaiah 53:12)

3-Luke 22:37 Numbered with transgressors (Isaiah 53:12)

4-John 12:38 Who has believed our report? (Isaiah 53:1)

5-Acts 8:32 A lamb to the slaughter (Isaiah 53:7)

6-Romans 10:16 Who has believed our report? (Isaiah 53:1)

7-1Peter 2:22 He committed no sin (Isaiah 53:9)

8-1Peter 2:24 By his stripes you were healed (Isaiah 53:5)
 
Wrong as seen below every single N.T. quotation of Isaiah 53. Number 8 is Peters with no mention of your claim. That shows Peter did not understand it as you do.
There is no way around it Isa 53:5 teaches PSA He was in the place of guilty sinners, who deserved the penalty of death, yet He substituted for them, God was pleased with that arrangement
 
Peters with no mention of your claim. That shows Peter did not understand it as you do.
Peter understood quite well Christ bare our sins in His Body 1 Pet 2:24

Who his own self bare our sins in his own body on the tree, that we, being dead to sins, should live unto righteousness: by whose stripes ye were healed.

Thats substitution

Albert Barnes :

Who his own self - See the notes at Hebrews 1:3, on the phrase "when he had by himself purged our sins." The meaning is, that he did it in his own proper person; he did not make expiation by offering a bloody victim, but was himself the sacrifice.
Bare our sins - There is an allusion here undoubtedly to Isaiah 53:4, Isaiah 53:12. See the meaning of the phrase "to bear sins" fully considered in the notes at those places. As this cannot mean that Christ so took upon himself the sins of people as to become himself a sinner, it must mean that he put himself in the place of sinners, and bore that which those sins deserved; that is, that he endured in his own person that which, if it had been inflicted on the sinner himself, would have been a proper expression of the divine displeasure against sin, or would have been a proper punishment for sin. See the notes at 2 Corinthians 5:21. He was treated as if he had been a sinner, in order that we might be treated as if we had not sinned; that is, as if we were righteous. There is no other way in which we can conceive that one bears the sins of another. They cannot be literally transferred to another; and a
ll that can be meant is, that he should take the consequences on himself, and suffer as if he had committed the transgressions himself.

Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Bible Commentary
24. his own self—there being none other but Himself who could have done it. His voluntary undertaking of the work of redemption is implied. The Greek puts in antithetical juxtaposition, OUR, and His OWN SELF, to mark the idea of His substitution for us. His "well-doing" in His sufferings is set forth here as an example to servants and to us all (1Pe 2:20).
 
Peter understood quite well Christ bare our sins in His Body 1 Pet 2:24

Who his own self bare our sins in his own body on the tree, that we, being dead to sins, should live unto righteousness: by whose stripes ye were healed.

Thats substitution

Albert Barnes :
nothing penal there, nothing about Gods wrath on the Son.

next fallacy
 
I'm still not sure what you meant by the Psalm 22 link that I had written about the character and nature of
God. I'm confused if you were agreeing, disagreeing or if you read it or not. Thanks
I fully agree with your post on God's Word/the Holy Scriptures

The Scriptures in post 463 reveal to us that even with study, the Understanding comes down from Above and is never generated from our own intellect.
God declares Scripture as "God Breathed" = from Himself to those whom HE chooses to reveal Himself thru the WORD.

Matthew 11:27
No one knows the Son except the Father, and no one knows the Father except the Son and those to whom the Son chooses to reveal Him.
 
The elect have redemption through the blood of Christ :

Romans 3:24; Ephesians 1:7; Colossians 1:14 Now the greek word for redemtion here is:
apolutrósis: deliverance, redemption, From a compound of apo and lutron; (the act) ransom in full, i.e. (figuratively) riddance, or (specially) Christian salvation -- deliverance, redemption

Thayers greek lexicon writes:

2. everywhere in the N. T. metaphorically, viz. deliverance effected through the death of Christ from the retributive wrath of a holy God and the merited penalty of sin: Romans 3:24; Ephesians 1:7; Colossians 1:14 (cf. ἐξαγοράζω, ἀγοράζω, λυτρόω, etc. (and Trench, § lxxvii.)); ἀπολύτρωσιν τῶν ... παραβάσεων deliverance from the penalty of transgressions, effected through their expiation, Hebrews 9:15
 
There is nothing in the bible that supports PSA, its nothing but a fallacious argument.

Jesus said: “I am the good shepherd. The good shepherd lays down his life for the sheep. The reason my Father loves Me is that I lay down My life—only to take it up again. No one takes it from Me, but I lay it down of My own accord” (John 10:11, 17-18). Or again, while speaking to the multitudes, Jesus declared: “Whatever the Father does the Son also does” (John 5:19). And Jesus said: “Now my heart is troubled. ‘Father, save me from this hour?’ No, it was for this very reason I came to this hour. Father, glorify your name!” (John 12:27-28) The clear picture that emerges from Scripture is that Jesus was not the unfortunate victim of the angry Father. Rather, the Father and the Son were working in concert through the cross to pay for the sins of humanity and make atonement. There is no division of will between the Father and the Son.The biblical viewpoint brings out the fact that Jesus’ atonement was done in love which provided covering and forgiveness of sins. And this view harmonizes with God’s wrath that is still yet to come and was not poured out on Jesus on the cross. Our loving God takes no pleasure in the death of the wicked (Ezekiel 33:11). Our loving Father took pleasure to bruise His Son to reconcile us to God as an offering for our sins. (Isaiah 53:10).

It is by faith in the Son through the message of the gospel that saves and unbelief which condemns. The gospel is for all mankind, all the world, for everyone. God desires all men to be saved and to come to the knowledge of the truth. (1 Timothy 2:4). God is the Savior of all men, especially of believers (1 Timothy. 4:10), For the grace of God has appeared, bringing salvation to everyone (Titus 2:11) For God has consigned all to disobedience, that he may have mercy on all (Romans 11:32). The Lord is not slow in keeping His promise as some understand slowness, but is patient with you, not wanting anyone to perish but everyone to come to repentance (2 Peter 3:9).

God sent His Son into the world to take away the sin of the world (John 1:29) and He Himself is the propitiation for our sins; and not for ours only, but also for sins of the whole world. (1 John 2:2). and He died for all, that those who live should live no longer for themselves, but for Him who died for them and rose again (2 Corinthians 5:15). But we do see Jesus, who was made lower than the angels for a little while, now crowned with glory and honor because he suffered death, so that by the grace of God he might taste death for everyone. (Hebrews 2:9)

When Jesus’ words are understood in their full biblical and theological context, they do not indicate a separation within Trinity, but rather reveal the depth of Christ’s true suffering within the unity of the Trinity's redemptive work. The Father and the Son are not in conflict, nor does God act against Himself. Instead, the cross displays the perfect harmony of God’s love, holiness, and justice working together to reconcile mankind. What might appear as abandonment is the expression of real anguish Jesus experienced while the eternal relationship of the Father and Son remained unbroken. Far from there being a separation, Calvary becomes the clearest demonstration of the Trinity unified for the purpose of the atonement.

After decades of studying these texts, I am convinced that we are faced with a fundamental choice: Do we follow the 'Traditional perspective' that claims God was the executioner of His own Son, or do we follow the Apostolic Record which identifies wicked men as the responsible ones? If we choose the Apostles, then the Cross is not a place of 'Divine Punishment,' but a Mercy Seat—a place where the Sinless Substitute absorbed the very worst of our violence to offer us the very best of His Life. This is the Atonement of the New Covenant: not an appeasement of anger, but a Ransom from slavery and a Purification from sin. The "wrath" was ours. The "sacrifice" was His. The "reconciliation" is the Father's heart toward a world He never stopped loving.

“For God was in Christ, reconciling the world unto himself, not imputing their trespasses unto them...” (2 Corinthians 5:19)

If we have spent centuries defining the Cross by the anger of God rather than the love of the Trinity, we have missed the heart of the Sanctuary. The Cross is not where God turned away; it is where He reached out. It is the Mercy Seat where the Holy God and the repentant sinner finally meet. The blood on the Mercy Seat wasn't there to change God's mind about us; it was there to provide the purification that brings the sinner back into the life-giving presence of the Father. Now, as the Apostles preached: "Believe on the Lord Jesus Christ, and you will be saved."

For forty years, I taught and defended the framework of Penal Substitutionary Atonement (PSA) and the "Doctrines of Grace" (T.U.L.I.P.). I believed the system was a fortress of logic. However, the more I searched the Scriptures for the heart of the Father, the more I encountered a "Systemic Necessity" that began to conflict with the Nature of God.

The turning point was Psalm 22. When I saw that the Father had not despised the afflicted nor hidden His face from the Son, the first domino fell. I realized that if the Trinity remained unified at the Cross, then the "Legal Wrath" model was a human invention, not a biblical revelation.

I soon discovered that these doctrines are a closed loop; once the "Legal Receipt" of PSA collapsed, the mechanical requirement for Total Inability and Limited Atonement collapsed with it. I found that I didn't need a "System" to protect God’s sovereignty—I needed a Savior to reveal God’s Love.

To my fellow Bereans: Do not be afraid to question a system if it requires you to believe something about God that contradicts His revealed character. God is not a Judge who needed to be "appeased" by the blood of His Son; He is the Father who reached out through the Son to provide a Mercy Seat for every sinner.
"The System fell away, but the Savior remained."

hope this helps !!!
Choose ye this day whom ye shall Follow . As for me and my House it shall be the LORD . josuha .
Therefore HARDEN not your hearts as in the day of the provocation , in the day wherein your fathers tempted me .
TODAY IS THE DAY of salvation . IT IS JESUS preaching time in the house .
The time now is to flee the ists , isms and doctrines of men and their schisms .
To ret urn to the pages of the scriptures for to learn for ourselves
what much of men has made very cloudy as they added confusion through stifes of words .
To the bible . To prayer and spiritual arms . Let GOD be true but every man a liar .
WE who believe in CHRIST have set to our seal T HAT GOD IS TRUE .
THEY who deny the TESTIMONY that GOD gave of the SON , call GOD a liar .
And they who use the name of JESUS and yet omit His wholesome words
call HIM a liar and have made men their god . THIS is deadly to do and deadly to follow such men .
IT is time in this late and last hour for all who name the name of JESUS
To do a mass entrodus back into the scrips . Not learning by the doctrines of men and their denominatoins
BUT FOR ONESELF . it real simple . what man has made cloudy
GOD can make clear again . To the trenches for the hour is late and a delusion grows very great .
 
I fully agree with your post on God's Word/the Holy Scriptures

The Scriptures in post 463 reveal to us that even with study, the Understanding comes down from Above and is never generated from our own intellect.
God declares Scripture as "God Breathed" = from Himself to those whom HE chooses to reveal Himself thru the WORD.

Matthew 11:27
No one knows the Son except the Father, and no one knows the Father except the Son and those to whom the Son chooses to reveal Him.
Yet a harlot of all harlots is now through a harlots love CALLING JESUS , THUS CALLING GOD a liar .
For she and her many daughters now say
ALL RELIGOINS be a coming to GOD differently and that we all serve the same God . GUESS WHAT and GUESS
who SHE JUST MADE VOID BY HER LIE . JESUS THE CHRIST and THE DIRE NEED TO REPENT and BELEIVE ON HIM .
THUS what spirit do we think that cometh of ..........
a hint .
HE WHO DENIES JESUS IS THE CHRIST , ANTI CHRIST .
And that is exactly whose peace they now follow . Having no idea
the love of an ecumeincal harlot has led them into the greatest hour of rebellion
wherein they as one CALL GOD A LIAR
and anti christ as GOD and as truth . THAT WONT BODE WELL at all . So let not a hand one of ours
JOIN IN IT . flee it and expose it . Do all for the sakes of the peoples UNTO THE GLORY OF GOD .
AND POINTING TO JESUS GIVETH GOD THE GLORY .
HE who honors the SON , HONORS the FATHER .
But he who calls GOD a liar , NOT GONNA bode well . AND every WORD of GOD is TRUTH .
SO
LET GOD BE TRUE and every man a liar .
 
The confusion comes through poorly handing Jesus’s cry of dereliction in Matthew 27:46 (quoting Psalm 22:1), “My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?” in which the Davidic king cries out in anguish after feeling (and being) abandoned by everyone around him. The language here could imply that the Father “turned his face away” or “abandoned” Jesus, leaving Jesus alone on the cross to bear the wrath of mankind’s sin. Of course, Psalm 22 ends with “you did not hide your face from me.” This raises all sorts of questions, some of which we can address here indirectly. As a primer to what follows, I recommend reading two excellent reflections by Matthew Emerson that directly handle the cry of dereliction. For now, we will get right to the point.

Did God die on the cross? The short answer is yes. To state more precisely, Stephen Wellum says, “God the Son incarnate died.” Or, as Rhyne Putman prefers, "God the Son, the second person of the Trinity, experienced death in his human nature."[4] Or, God the Son died according to his human nature. These are different ways of making the same basic point.

We have to deal with the fact that Jesus is God; Jesus is both God and man; and Jesus died. Put another way, if Jesus is God and Jesus died, then we must say that God died. In saying that, we must acknowledge that the issue is complicated and must be dealt with without falling into the heresies that lie on all sides. So to do this, we must explain that God died on the cross with several biblical and theological caveats:

1. Remember the hypostatic union. Jesus Christ is two natures in one person; fully God and fully man. Forget this and you’ll run toward multiple age-old heresies, chief among them are those mentioned above.

2. His divine nature did not die or cease to exist. God the Son in his divine nature continued to exist and to sustain the universe. One person of the Trinity could not cease to exist for any time without indicating mutability (changeability) in God’s nature. Of course, we know that God is immutable and incapable of change, so it would certainly jeopardize fundamental affirmations about the doctrine of God to assert that the cross initiated a complete three-day loss of Trinitarian relations or the death of divine nature. There was no broken Trinity.

3. Relatedly, neither God the Father nor God the Holy Spirit died on the cross. The Trinity was not all of a sudden in disarray, confused, conflated, separated, or out of order. The Father sent the Son; he did not send himself. The Holy Spirit was active in the incarnation at conception, but did not himself put on flesh. So we need to dispel any notions of other Trinitarian persons dying on the cross.

4. God the Son died according to his human nature but did not cease to exist. As with any human death, his body was separated from his soul/spirit, but his soul/spirit did not cease to exist. In his resurrection, the body and soul/spirit were rejoined, as will ours one day—if we die before he returns, our bodies will be in the ground as we await the resurrection, but we will not cease to exist because our soul/spirit will be in/not in the presence of the Lord.

Further, the immortality of the soul is well attested both in biblical language—the “perishable” body dies, but the soul/spirit is “with him in paradise today;” “to be absent from the body is to be present with the Lord;” “my soul will live with him;” etc. It is also well attested in the Christian tradition: Irenaeus, Tertullian, Athanasius, Cyril, Gregory of Nyssa, Chrysostom, Augustine, etc. all teach clearly that the soul is immortal. Why would the fully God/fully man Jesus Christ be any different? He is a unique human, but he is nonetheless fully and truly human. We need to account for this when discussing the death and burial of Christ.

5. Therefore, Jesus Christ the God-man truly died, but the hypostatic union of two natures was never separated, broken, or compromised. We affirm that Jesus Christ is the God-man, never ceased to be the God-man in his birth, never ceased to be the God-man in his death and resurrection, now stands ascended in Heaven as our mediator as the God-man, and will return one day as the God-man to join our souls/spirits to our resurrected bodies; therefore, we must affirm that God the Son died that day on Golgotha, but he in no way, shape, or form ceased to exist or experienced ontological separation from the Father (or Holy Spirit).

As mentioned above, human nature doesn’t cease to exist in death; rather, the body perishes but the soul/spirit lives to God. Jesus’s human nature—like ours—still existed in his death, because the soul/spirit is immortal and thus the human nature still lives in/not in the presence of God. If Jesus’s human nature died/ceased to exist for three days, this would indicate not only a death of his soul, but also a split in his person—only half of Jesus would exist for three days while his body was in the tomb. We need to affirm, then, that the human soul/spirit of Jesus remained alive (thus, his nature did not die), but that he experienced a real human death like all of us: body in the ground, soul/spirit with the Lord. And his resurrected body, like ours one day, was raised imperishable and he now lives as the God-man who will never die again.

Yes, indeed, God came and rescued us. God the Son substituted himself for us. He didn’t send a mere messenger. He didn’t sacrifice his nature or his character or his power. Instead, he himself put his nature, character, and power on full display on the cross, a victory chariot disguised a torture device. Soli Deo gloria.

Baptist Renewal
 
The Psa atonement viewpoint is not the only one that can be held, but is the best biblical explanation of atonement
I actually prove its not here :

 
I actually prove its not here :

Jesus took upon Himself at the cross the wrath and judgment due to uis due to being sinners before a Holy God
 
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