I didn't know about the concept of God simplicity. Thanks for the very interesting post.
I agree in general with Dr William Lane Craig.
We believe in a personal God. A person is not an idea or concept, because a person, as Craig says, "expresses different characteristics in different situations". In other words, a person can decide to do X now, and Y later. A person has his own will, his own mind.
Several minds and wills working together are not a person. They are perhaps a family, a class, a team, a community, a government.
A person can be only one.
The problem for a Trinitarian theology, is that if it admits that God is a Person, then He is one Person.
On the other hand, if Trinitarian theology does not admit that God is a Person, then God is a concept: the concept of an association or team of three persons.
Back to the topic of Divine Simplicity. A couple of comments on what DR., WLC said here...I actually meant to put these comments in my previous response on this topic. Dr. Craig will often start with these subtle misrepresentations of the Historic Faith. God is not "a person," God is "one being" and "three persons."
Three persons and simplicity, how does that work? Obviously people write books on this stuff and philosophy geeks love it...me, not so much. Anyway, to take this back to simpler times, simplicity deals with the substance/essence/nature of God (those things are three sides of the same triangle). So when you are dealing with the substance/essence/nature of God, the "being" if you will, are there parts? No. Why? Well, the simple answer is there is a distinction in what subsistence/hypostasis/person and substance/essence/nature mean.
So, when speaking of the substance/essence/nature of God it has no parts, nor is it divided among three persons, each person possesses the substance/essence/nature entirely (and if they didn't they would be separate beings). And they do not possess it separately. But first, let me point out that in this teaching one can see that:
- There are no parts to the substance/essence/nature
- There is no difference in the substance/essence/nature that each person possesses (a person is the possessor of his nature, not the other way around)
- The persons do not possess the substance/essence/nature separately (as do humans, angels, and created things).
So, what happens is problems arise between the Geeks "philosophical models" of how this can be. The problem is not with the doctrine which has always taught that God is indeed 3 but in a different way than God is 1. The doctrine is very clear that there are not three Gods. And the doctrine has also been very clear that God literally transcends this universe and all we know and understand, so we cannot conceive of this God with our minds. But let me give you a crude idea of what is being said. I'm pretty sure everyone has seen a plasma ball before but if not, here is a picture (I hope):
So, you see two things (well actually three). You see a sphere, you see the plasma, and you see the plasma contained within the sphere. So, in the abstract we will call the sphere a "person/subsistence/hypostasis" and the plasma and everything contained within "substance/essence/nature." Remember, that is in the abstract for a person/subsistence/hypostasis does not exist without a substance/essence/nature and vice-versa. We we talk about them in the abstract we are just talking about classes of things, a species if you will. So we talk about specific men that exist, like Pancho and TheLayman, we will be talking about real, actual, *concrete *(I don't want to confuse anyone with this word since we will be talking about immaterial, metaphysical existences as actualities) an actual existing sphere of plasma as you see above. As humans, Pancho and I will be separate spheres and contained within is human substance/essence/nature. Same with angels, they would be separate spheres with angel substance/essence/nature.
Now with the Trinity, imagine if you will three identical spheres in the same space and within these spheres is the one Supreme Divine Substance/Essence/Nature. Each sphere exists because it possesses the Supreme Divine Substance/Essence/Nature...unlike created creatures there are not separate spheres with separate substance/essence/nature. And if you can, imagine the sphere existing and being immaterial (spirit). With the Trinity and the Persons...if you have one you have the sum, without one you would have none.
The thing I hate about any analogy is it is based on our understanding of a created 3 dimensional universe and so one can only hope to illustrate some concepts, and crudely at that (this is in the book I've been working on forever...well, almost that long). I cannot show someone the Trinity with an illustration, I cannot even illustrate all the concepts very well with a single illustration. But with this one you can get an idea of one being/three persons. You can get an idea of perichoresis, the mutual indwelling of the persons. But people write libraries on the few things I just tried to illustrate so I'm not trying to "prove" something, just to help "explain" it.
TheLayman