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In dispensational premillennialism, the 70 weeks of Daniel (Daniel 9:24-27) is interpreted as a precise, literal 490-year timeline that God has determined for the nation of Israel and the city of Jerusalem. The "weeks" (Hebrew shabuim) are understood to be sevens of years (70 x 7 = 490 years in total), not days.
The prophecy is broken down into three main periods, with a significant "gap" in time after the 69th week:
The First 69 Weeks (483 Years)
This period is divided into two sections totaling 69 weeks (7 weeks + 62 weeks, or 49 years + 434 years = 483 years).
The "Gap" (The Church Age)
A central tenet of the dispensational view is the insertion of an indefinite time gap or "parenthesis" between the 69th and 70th weeks.
The 70th Week (The Final 7 Years)
The final "week" (a literal seven-year period) is seen as a future event that will restart God's timeline for Israel after the Church is raptured (removed from the earth). This period is commonly identified as the Great Tribulation.
The prophecy is broken down into three main periods, with a significant "gap" in time after the 69th week:
The First 69 Weeks (483 Years)
This period is divided into two sections totaling 69 weeks (7 weeks + 62 weeks, or 49 years + 434 years = 483 years).
- Starting Point: The timeline begins with the issuing of a decree to restore and rebuild Jerusalem, most commonly identified as the decree by King Artaxerxes in 445 or 444 B.C..
- Duration: This 483-year period covers the time of the rebuilding of Jerusalem (in "troublous times") and extends until the coming of the Messiah.
- End Point: At the end of the 69th week, the Messiah (Jesus Christ) would be "cut off" (crucified). This event is precisely dated by some calculations to the time of Jesus' Triumphal Entry into Jerusalem. The destruction of the city and the temple by the Romans in 70 A.D. is also seen as occurring "after" the 69 weeks, within the subsequent gap.
The "Gap" (The Church Age)
A central tenet of the dispensational view is the insertion of an indefinite time gap or "parenthesis" between the 69th and 70th weeks.
- Reasoning: During this unprophesied gap, God's prophetic "clock" for Israel is paused. This entire period, lasting nearly 2,000 years (our current age), is understood as the Church Age, during which God focuses on building the Church (composed of both Jews and Gentiles).
- Biblical Basis: Dispensationalists argue that the Old Testament prophets often merged the first and second comings of the Messiah into one prophetic view, allowing for this extended gap in time between the events.
The 70th Week (The Final 7 Years)
The final "week" (a literal seven-year period) is seen as a future event that will restart God's timeline for Israel after the Church is raptured (removed from the earth). This period is commonly identified as the Great Tribulation.
- The Antichrist's Covenant: The 70th week begins when a future world leader (the Antichrist, or "the prince who is to come" mentioned in seven-year peace covenant with Israel.
- The Abomination of Desolation: In the middle of this week (after 3.5 years), the Antichrist will break the covenant, stop the Jewish sacrifices in a rebuilt temple in Jerusalem, and set up an idol, an event referred to as the "abomination of desolation".
- The Second Coming: The final 3.5 years mark the "Great Tribulation" (or "time of Jacob's trouble"). The period ends with the literal, physical return of Jesus Christ to defeat the Antichrist and establish His Millennial Kingdom.