He gives repentance and then one will repent. The giving is causative of the repentance. Jer 31 19
Surely after that I was turned, I repented; and after that I was instructed, I smote upon my thigh: I was ashamed, yea, even confounded, because I did bear the reproach of my youth.
Peter preached Jesus does the turning Acts 3:26
26 Unto you first God, having raised up his Son Jesus, sent him to bless you, in turning away every one of you from his iniquities.
So again He gives repentance Acts 5:31
Acts 17 then why command all men everywhere to repent if man himself is unable to repent unless God 'gives' repentance to him?
The command to man to repent requires a response from man to that command and the command itself implies ability and accountability to repent. How can those in Rom 2:4-5 be justly condemned for their impenitence if they were incapable to repent because God did not give repentance to them? How can they be culpable for their impenitence when God was withholding repentance from them?
Looking at the bigger context in Jer 31 instead of looking at one verse, the broader context shows Israel/Ephraim had sinned against God. As a result of their sinning God punished (exiled) them ‘You have disciplined me, and I was disciplined,
like an untrained calf" (v18). As a result of God's discipline they chose to repent. God's discipline turned them, instructed them creating shame leading them to choose to repent. God graciously gave them the opportunity to repent.
Similar case with Jonah:
God commanded Jonah to go to Nineveh
Jonah ran from God and sinned by not going
God punished Jonah for his sin
Inside the fish, God's punishment 'turned' or lead Jonah to repent (Jonah 2)
God approached Jonah a second time to go to Nineveh, Jonah obeyed and went
In both cases with Ephraim and Jonah, men sinned, God punished (instruction), men chose to repent. Later the Nineveh was instructed they would be destroyed in 49 days, they choose to repent due to that instruction/impending punishment from God.
Jer 31:18 “Restore me,
and I will return.” God's punishments or instructions graciously exposes sins giving one the opportunity to repent, to respond, "I will return"....man must be willing to respond to God's punishment/instructions by repenting.
Nothing here about people being unable to choose to repent, being unable to repent unless God allows them to repent.
In Acts 2 Peter preached God's word, instructed those Jews about their horrible sin. This instruction led to shame, 'turning' them, prompting them to ask what they must do. They were commanded to repent. Again the command is pointless and absurd if God alone determines who can or cannot repent.
God can use punishment and affliction or use preaching/instructing to lead or 'turn' people to repent. But what's the point of punishment, affliction or instruction if God alone will determine if people can repent or not? It would be pointless.
Yet the purpose of punishment or instruction is to expose people to their sin, create shame and guilt thereby 'turning' them to choose to repent.
God's punishment or instruction does not always 'turn' men to repent. Acts 2 Peter instructed, men were pricked in the heart, commanded to repent and they obeyed by repenting. Acts 7 Stephen likewise instructed, men were also cut in their heart but not 'turned' to repent but gnashed on him with their teeth and murdered him. They choose to not repent. If they could not repent because God did not give them repentance as you may claim, then how can they be held culpable for their actions when God withheld, made it impossible, for them to repent? Why command all men everywhere to repent then withhold repentance from them?
That is not the actions of the loving, just, true God of heaven but the actions of an evil king, Exodus 5. Pharaoh took from Israel the supplies they needed to make bricks but still expected them to not only make bricks but make as many as they had in the past, an impossible task. Yet you have God commanding all men to repent and then make repentance impossible....
Ex 5:
"
Then the officers of the children of Israel came and cried unto Pharaoh, saying, Wherefore dealest thou thus with thy servants?
There is no straw given unto thy servants, and they say to us, Make brick: and, behold, thy servants are beaten; but the fault is in thine own people. (Command all men to repent then make repentance impossible, who then is a fault for man's impenitence?)
Pharaoh says: 'Go therefore now,
and work; for there shall no straw be given you, yet shall ye deliver the tale of bricks"
And the officers of the children of Israel did see
that they
were in evil
case, after it was said, Ye shall not minish
ought from your bricks of your daily task."
Israel saw they were in a "evil case" seeing they must not reduce the number of bricks made even though not given supplies needed to make bricks. Men today would be in an 'evil case' having been commanded to repent yet not "given" repentance, having repentance withheld from them making repentance impossible.
Yet God is not responsible for men's impenitence: Men have freedom to repent or not. When men reject, the fault is entirely theirs. God can mourn over their refusal (see Matt 23:37 — “how often would I have gathered you… but ye would not”) without being the cause of it. Why would God mourn over what He caused?
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Psalms 2:8
"Ask of me, and I shall
give thee the heathen
for thine inheritance, and the uttermost parts of the earth
for thy possession."
"For example, David prophesied that Jehovah would
“give” the “nations” (Gentiles) to Christ as an inheritance (Psa. 2:8; cf. Acts 4:25-26). Surely no one will contend that
ALL Gentiles were unconditionally predestined to salvation, irrespective of their response to divine truth. Even the most cursory examination of the book of Acts, from chapter 10 onward, reveals that the Gentiles were admitted into redemptive favor by yielding to the requirements of the gospel. Salvation was not as a consequence of an eternal decree independent of human obedience (cf. Acts 10:34-35,43; 11:14; 15:8-9; 1 Pet. 1:22-23)."
It is commonly alleged that Jesus, in John 6:37, endorsed the idea of "predestination" as popularized by John Calvin in the 16th century. Did he? Study this question with us.
christiancourier.com
Hence when God "gives" repentance, God is giving man an opportunity to repent and man must respond by yielding to that gracious opportunity to repent.